Security Audit Report Template

Tags: cyber-security, audit, report, template • 953 words • 5 minute read

1. Executive Summary

  • Objective
    • The objective of this security audit was to evaluate the current security posture of ABC Corporation’s IT infrastructure, identify vulnerabilities, and provide actionable recommendations to enhance security.
  • Scope
    • The audit covered:
      • Internal network and servers
      • Web applications
      • Endpoint devices
      • Security policies and procedures
  • Methodology
    • The audit utilized:
      • Network and vulnerability scanning tools (Nmap, Nessus)
      • Penetration testing tools (Metasploit, Burp Suite)
      • Configuration reviews
      • Staff interviews
  • Key Findings
    • High-risk SQL injection vulnerability in the customer portal
    • Outdated software with known vulnerabilities
    • Weak password policies across user accounts
    • Lack of multi-factor authentication (MFA) for critical systems
  • Recommendations
    • Implement input validation and parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection
    • Update and patch all software to the latest versions
    • Enforce strong password policies and MFA
    • Conduct regular security training for staff
  • Conclusion
    • ABC Corporation has several critical vulnerabilities that need immediate attention. By addressing these issues and implementing the provided recommendations, the organization can significantly improve its security posture.

2. Introduction

  • Background: ABC Corporation requested a comprehensive security audit to assess its current security measures and identify potential vulnerabilities. The audit was conducted over a two-week period.
  • Audit Scope
    • The audit included:
      • Network infrastructure (routers, switches, firewalls)
      • Servers (web, database, file servers)
      • Web applications (customer portal, internal tools)
      • Endpoint devices (desktops, laptops, mobile devices)
      • Security policies and procedures
  • Objectives
    • Identify and assess vulnerabilities
    • Evaluate security configurations and practices
    • Provide actionable recommendations
  • Standards and Frameworks
    • OWASP Top Ten
    • NIST Cybersecurity Framework
    • ISO/IEC 27001

3. Methodology

  • Approach: The audit used a combination of black-box and white-box testing methods to simulate external and internal threats.
  • Tools
    • Nmap: Network discovery and port scanning
    • Nessus: Vulnerability scanning
    • Metasploit: Exploitation framework
    • Burp Suite: Web application security testing
    • Wireshark: Network protocol analysis
  • Procedures
    • Reconnaissance: Gathering information about the network and systems
    • Scanning: Identifying open ports, services, and vulnerabilities
    • Exploitation: Attempting to exploit identified vulnerabilities
    • Post-Exploitation: Assessing the potential impact and extracting data
    • Reporting: Documenting findings and recommendations

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4. Findings

  • Summary Table
  • Detailed Findings
    • F-001: SQL Injection
      • Description: The customer portal is vulnerable to SQL injection, allowing attackers to manipulate database queries.
      • Impact: Potential unauthorized access to sensitive customer data.
      • Evidence: Exploitation via ’ OR ‘1’=‘1 payload.
      • Risk Level: High
      • Recommended Action: Implement input validation and use parameterized queries.

5. Recommendations

  • Prioritized Actions
  • Detailed Steps
  • Resources
  • Example:
    • Implementing Multi-Factor Authentication
    • Steps:
      • Implement MFA for all critical systems and user accounts.
      • Use MFA solutions that support various authentication methods (e.g., SMS, authenticator apps, hardware tokens).
      • Regularly review and update MFA configurations.
      • Reference: NIST SP 800-63B Authentication Guidelines

6. Conclusion

  • Overall Assessment: ABC Corporation has several critical vulnerabilities that need immediate attention. Addressing these issues will significantly enhance the organization’s security posture.
  • Improvements
    • Implementing the recommended actions will reduce the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches.
    • Regular security training and awareness programs will help maintain a strong security culture.
  • Next Steps
    • Address high-priority vulnerabilities immediately.
    • Schedule follow-up audits to ensure remediation efforts are effective.
    • Implement continuous monitoring to detect and respond to new threats promptly.

7. Appendices

  • Glossary
  • References
  • Detailed Logs

1. Methodology

  • Testing and vulnerability rankings are based on NIST 800-30 threat rankings methodology.

Threat Likelihood

  • High: A threat actor is highly likely to create an event
  • Moderate: A threat actor is likely to create an event
  • Low: A threat actor is unlikely to create an event

Threat Impact

  • Critical: The event would have a catastrophically negative impact on the organization.
  • High: The event would have a severe negative impact on the organization.
  • Moderate: The event would have a negative impact on the organization.
  • Low: The event would have a limited negative impact on the organization.
  • Informational: The event would have a negligible impact on the organization.

Level of Risk: Likelihood x Impact

  • Critical: The event would have multiple severe or catastrophic negative effects on the organization.
  • High: The event would have a catastrophic negative effect on the organization.
  • Moderate: The event would have a negative effect on the organization.
  • Low: The event would have a limited negative impact on the organization
  • Informational: The event would have a negligible impact on the organization.

Scope

Executive Summary

The assessment team conducted a penetration test for “Your Company” from October 10 – October 15, 2020. This test was designed to provide “Your Company” with an assessment of your web application from the perspective of a malicious external 3rd party.

Synopsis

The assessment team discovered several vulnerabilities including cross-site scripting, SQL injection, and denial of service.

Finding and Recommendations

  • UNAUTHENTICATED SQL INJECTION – CRITICAL

  • Cross-Site Scripting: A SQL injection attack consists of the insertion or “injection” of a SQL query via the input data from the client to the application. A successful SQL injection exploit can read sensitive data from the database, modify database data (Insert/Update/Delete), execute administration operations on the database (such as shutdown the DBMS), recover the content of a given file present on the DBMS file system and in some cases issue commands to the operating system. SQL injection attacks are a type of injection attack, in which SQL commands are injected into data-plane input in order to effect the execution of predefined SQL commands. Source: (opens in a new tab)OWASP: SQL Injection(opens in a new tab)

  • Details

    • The assessment team identified a SQL Injection attack on the login page of your application. The team was able to successfully exploit this vulnerability to bypass authentication and access restricted pages.
    • This was discovered on:

  • Recommendations:To address the SQL injections issues, the assessment team recommends:

    • Using parameterized queries when executing SQL with user input
    • Only allow expected inputs

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